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Nietzsche

Friedrich Nietzsche · German philosopher (1844-1900) · 1844–1900

Appears in 167 videos · 331 passages, 126 of them in depth.

What Dominique Pagani says

Dominique Pagani reads Nietzsche with affection and calls him "the great simpleton". He distinguishes the author from "neo-Nietzsche-mania": since the 1970s and the Cold War, the postmoderns have made him a master thinker, in the service of the counter-revolution12. For him, Nietzsche is a philologist and a poet rather than a philosopher, as the refrain "only a fool, only a poet" says3. His decisive opposition is between the healthy and the unhealthy, not between the true and the false4. In Beyond Good and Evil, he picks out the question of the value of truth, in which he sees the birth certificate of absolute non-knowledge. He finds the Nietzschean vulgate already in Callicles and recalls the reactionary Nietzsche: hostile to the Commune, he makes pity an anti-value. Yet his collapse in Turin before a mistreated horse confesses that pity5. He follows his relationship with Wagner at length: the praise of Siegfried, the rejection of Parsifal, then his being overwhelmed by its prelude6. He also approves his critique of poets who "muddy their waters", which he links to Hegel and Marx.

  1. 1Hegel Plage 2/51 Feb 2016 · 52:51
  2. 2L’éternel retour… des camps de la mort ?13 Oct 2024 · 22:22
  3. 310#6 Guerre et Paix : "Les pulsions de mort progressent en silence..." (Freud)8 Dec 2021 · 1:30:23
  4. 4La maladie, le malheur, le mal20 Sept 2024 · 33:52
  5. 5#5 • Les Attelé(e)s de la confinitude18 Apr 2020 · 1:35:45
  6. 6#15 Nietzsche : Pertinence philosophique ou musicale ? Réponses aux questions23 Jun 2022 · 1:16:32

Summary produced automatically from 150 of the passages below, to be reviewed; the numbers link to the moment in the session.

Portrait: NietzscheWho is this?

Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher and writer who started his career as a classical philologist and turned to philosophy early in his academic career. In 1869, at age 24, he was appointed Professor of Classical Philology at the University of Basel. Plagued by health problems for most of his life, he resigned from the university in 1879. […]

Read the article on Wikipedia

Text: Wikipédia, CC BY-SA 4.0, excerpt · Portrait: Friedrich Hermann Hartmann, Public domain

Season 10 · 23 Dec 202110#7 "Post-modern" eco-petty-Nazism - Plato's Gorgias
  1. 18:56Central master-thinker of the post-moderns for more than two generations.
  2. 21:39Thus Spoke ZarathustraThe refrain "only a fool, only a poet" shows he did not consider himself a philosopher.
  3. 22:38His denunciation of afterworlds as incantation and magic takes up Callicles's terms.
  4. 26:29Full of complexes, close to the Wagners, antisemitic in his youth before becoming philosemitic after the break.
  5. 48:24His decisive pair of values is the normal and the pathological; he sees in egalitarianism the symptom of an illness.
Series · 28 Jan 2021Musicosophy 12. Nietzsche (right up) against Wagner
  1. 23:51Beyond Good and Evil§ 255 opposes the south to the north and gives primacy to the healthy over the unhealthy; it is a sick man seeking healing.
  2. 51:34The Wanderer and His ShadowThe wanderer replies that he seeks a mask, less unhealthy than the truth: this is a figure of escapism.
  3. 1:17:32According to Losurdo, he only becomes philosemitic after his break with Wagner; he was more antisemitic than his sister.
  4. 1:41:37Beyond Good and EvilHe opposes the pagan Siegfried to the Parsifal of old age, who preaches the road to Rome.
  5. 2:05:13Thus Spoke ZarathustraIn the Song of the Tombs, he addresses Wagner, "murderous singer" who killed his dancer's ecstasy.
Season 13 · 20 Sept 2024Sickness, misfortune, evil
  1. 23:53Ecce HomoIn his last book, he admits that his youth would not have been bearable without Wagnerian music; he struggles against himself.
  2. 33:52His decisive dichotomy is not the true and the false but health and illness; in this sense he is not a philosopher in the strict sense.
  3. 40:44Ecce HomoTristan is for him unequaled in all the arts for its dangerous fascination and its dreadful and sweet infinity.
  4. 48:39"Become what you are" is his weakest aphorism.
  5. 49:45Ecce Homo"The world is poor for one who has never been sick enough"; Wagner is his greatest benefactor, united by suffering.
Series · 27 Jul 2022NIETZSCHE - NO PITY FOR WAGNER • Pagani Parle Musique
  1. 9:11A philologist rather than a philosopher, he shares with Wagner the question of the unity of the arts in Greek tragedy.
  2. 10:43The Gay ScienceHe speaks of a "star friendship," drawing on the science of the time about the distance between constellations.
  3. 11:04He accuses Wagner of having betrayed Greek Dionysian optimism for Christian and romantic pessimism; he is wary of everything unhealthy.
  4. 14:21Beyond Good and EvilThere he calls Parsifal churchy sanctimoniousness without having heard a note of it.
  5. 15:08Enemy of pity, he nonetheless recognizes in the prelude to Parsifal the secrets of Christianity that he did not want to admit to himself.
Season 10 · 23 Jun 2022#15 Nietzsche: Philosophical or musical relevance? Answers to questions
  1. 51:35Postmodern thought rehabilitates the sophists in his wake.
  2. 58:22The essential opposition in him is the healthy and the unhealthy, not the true and the false; he is more a philologist than a philosopher.
  3. 1:09:16Beyond Good and EvilHe opposes Siegfried, in good health, to Parsifal, judged sickly and Roman, without having heard the music.
  4. 1:16:32He contradicts himself after hearing the prelude to Parsifal: an elevated and healthy soul, Christian answers.
  5. 1:30:24Beyond Good and EvilHe dreams of a "music sister of the palm tree," more than European, which anticipates the avant-gardes of the twentieth century, and he analyzes German depth.
Series · 3 Dec 2020Musicosophy 1. Schubert and the master singers
  1. 34:30Beyond Good and EvilIn "Peoples and Fatherlands," he sees in Die Meistersinger three centuries of music; the Germans are of the day before yesterday and the day after tomorrow.
  2. 41:32His treacherous pun on Adler and Geyer shows jokes exchanged between antisemites.
  3. 44:12A reactionary who contradicts himself: the music of Parsifal makes him recognize the courage of Christianity, in which he sees socialism.
  4. 48:16The slave's discourse targets socialism; his obsession is the rise of the working class.
  5. 55:18Says pejoratively that Wagnerian recitative is "wet."
Season 7 · 11 Apr 2020#4 • Harnessed to confinitude
  1. 7:17A fashionable irrationalist thinker among adolescents, who identify with Zarathustra and Dionysus.
  2. 42:43Beyond Good and EvilHe raises the question of the value of the true and prefers the untrue: this is the birth certificate of absolute non-knowledge.
  3. 49:53He knows Kant poorly but has admirable philological competence in Greek and came close to the problem of the unconscious.
  4. 54:04Beyond Good and EvilIn paragraph 255, he opposes the South to German music and anticipates a music more than European, one that would ignore good and evil.
  5. 1:11:44The will to power has nothing determinate about it; Cosima Wagner and Lou Salomé are the two women who overwhelmed Nietzsche.
Season 13 · 13 Oct 2024The eternal return… of the death camps?
  1. 22:22He was used to de-Marxify the university during the Cold War. His thought of the eternal return opposes linear progress, and he assumes cruelty.
  2. 25:51Thus Spoke ZarathustraHe reads "On the Vision and the Riddle": the gateway called moment, placed between two eternities, and the dwarf who represents the spirit of gravity.
  3. 1:10:20He is estranged from Wagner. His remark about the Adler and the Geyer insinuates that Wagner is antisemitic because of his own origins.
Series · 7 Feb 2023Nietzsche, or the Great Ninny - Readings on the Spot
  1. 0:32Great fool passed off as a demystifier; a volunteer against the Commune, discharged as a stretcher-bearer, clumsy with women.
  2. 4:33Beyond Good and EvilIn §255, he senses a more than European music, freed from the North; his values are the healthy and the unhealthy.
  3. 10:01Beyond Good and EvilIn §244, he denounces German depth as painful digestion and disguise; a text judged prophetic.
Season 9.2 · 18 Feb 20219 #15 How can sciences of history be real?
  1. 8:31He holds Die Meistersinger and Tristan in special regard, setting them apart from his criticisms of Wagner, even in the asylum.
  2. 1:16:41Already estranged from Wagner, he judges that the final duet of Siegfried surpasses the sphere of storms and the sublime.
  3. 1:28:07His malicious pun on Wagner: he who cannot be an eagle (Adler) tries to be a vulture (Geier).
  4. 1:32:55Beyond Good and EvilHe has almost all the Nazi themes except antisemitism; first antisemitic like everyone else, he becomes philosemitic after falling out with Wagner.
  5. 1:34:33Thus Spoke ZarathustraIn the "Song of the Grave," he evokes Wagner, the bribed singer with the mournful horn, then blesses him as the most innocent.
Series · 11 Jan 2021Musicosophy 8. Happiness and unhappiness in music
  1. 10:00The Birth of TragedySaw that Dionysus represents popular joy and the collective, as against Apollo, figure of aristocratic individuation.
  2. 22:00Flees the spirit of gravity of romanticism; his real values are the healthy and the unhealthy, but health is reserved to an elite.
  3. 29:05Praises the Parnassians for having escaped the morbid traps of romanticism.
  4. 2:00:17Beyond Good and EvilReading of paragraph 244: German honesty is a dangerous disguise, a Mephistophelian talent; the text is judged premonitory and disturbing.
Season 7 · 5 May 2020#7 • Harnessed to confinitude
  1. 53:03He never forgives Wagner for moving from the pagan Siegfried to Parsifal, the hero of compassion.
  2. 59:24Beyond Good and EvilHe has Nazi themes but is not antisemitic; yet in a letter he accuses the "Jewish press", which his translators replace with "Socratic press".
  3. 1:34:55For him, Greece owes its greatness to slavery.
  4. 1:37:42Beyond Good and EvilHe praises Siegfried and accuses Parsifal of taking the road to Rome, without having heard a note of it.
  5. 1:42:27In 1887, he writes to his sister of his being overwhelmed by the prelude to Parsifal, akin to his own compositions.
Season 7 · 18 Apr 2020#5 • Harnessed to confinitude
  1. 2:42His thesis: truth may not be a value and the untrue may be superior to it; one must grant it originality and coherence.
  2. 14:54He mocks philosophers, poor seducers if truth is a woman.
  3. 29:26Nerval refutes him: once truth is known, one cannot act as if one did not know it.
  4. 1:09:20He prefers amnesia, the opposite of the anamnesis demanded by the psychoanalyst.
  5. 1:35:45His collapse in Turin before a mistreated horse betrays the pity he had wanted to extirpate.
Season 3 · 1 Aug 2017#3.2 From Ulysses to Daedalus
  1. 53:43The German drags his soul like a ball and chain.
  2. 1:37:45Beyond Good and EvilHe prosecutes romanticism, democracy and Christianity, and reproaches Parsifal for its road to Rome.
  3. 1:44:19In a letter to Peter Gast, he praises the prelude to Parsifal: formidable elevation and compassion.
  4. 1:46:55His notebook recognizes in Parsifal the Christian answers, the strongest ones, and his Protestantism as a misunderstanding.
Season 3 · 1 Aug 2017#3.3 From Ulysses to Daedalus
  1. 6:26The romantics confuse the pleasure of waking with that of falling asleep.
  2. 57:34Was tempted by antisemitism like the German petty bourgeoisie, but does it better than Soler.
  3. 1:25:51Thus Spoke ZarathustraMakes the best-argued case against Christianity: "aut Christus, aut Zarathustra."
  4. 1:32:19Discovers the libretto of Parsifal, falls out with Wagner and becomes philosemitic out of hatred for him.
  5. 1:35:56Ends in madness; hearing the prelude to Parsifal, he retracts and acknowledges the strength of Christianity.
Talks · 19 Jun 2016At the bistro with Pagani: part 2
  1. 11:53Cited among those who sank, unlike Rousseau.
  2. 30:08A romantic Christian, shaken by the music of Parsifal; the usage stemming from Heidegger diverts attention from a tragic, suffering Nietzsche.
  3. 33:31Sees that Wagner is not so German, and does not find himself very German either.
  4. 35:32Dreams of going to Corsica, to Corte where Napoleon was conceived, and feels the African sphere beginning between Nice and Corsica.
Season 2 · 15 Feb 2016#2.1 Between crisis and war: Philosophising?
  1. 13:18A mocking philologist toward philosophers; Molière's "dormitive virtue" sums up philosophical tautology.
  2. 15:12Thus Spoke ZarathustraHe paid with his person (his collapse in Turin); the refrain "nothing but a madman, nothing but a poet": he did not want to be a master thinker.
  3. 22:57Photo with Lou Salomé: he knew the pleasure-avoidance principle, far from the thinker of ecstasy he is made out to be.
  4. 1:50:08In a triangle of madness with Hölderlin and Nerval.
Series · 4 Jan 2015U for Übermensch
  1. 1:30The case of Nietzsche is examined under the letter U, with the Übermensch; Pagani says he reads him with affection and calls him 'the great nigo'.
  2. 5:54Human, All Too HumanHis superman is not Göring's, but making pity an antivalue is terrifying. He wanted to fight the Commune and comes from the reactionary right.
  3. 8:07The superman is the imaginary dream of crossing a threshold where one transcends one's ties and 'scruples of moraline'.
  4. 8:36Thus Spoke ZarathustraHe despises man as we despise the ape, but his madness is triggered in Turin by the sight of a mistreated horse, a figure of suffering humanity.
Season 9.1 · 8 Oct 2020#1 Benefits and harms of amnesia...
  1. 1:44He takes up the defense of forgetting against an established tradition.
  2. 22:14Thus Spoke Zarathustra"Song of Melancholy": "nothing but a fool, nothing but a poet," hesitation between poetry and philosophy.
  3. 56:20Untimely MeditationsForgetting is the condition of happiness; a declared counter-revolutionary, he nonetheless joins Rousseau in praising the instant.
  4. 1:03:47Untimely MeditationsOne cannot live without forgetting; excess of historical sense harms the living; his morality is a morality of health, beyond good and evil.
  5. 1:14:25Other texts from Zarathustra will be read later.
Talks · 2 Jul 2018Tribute to Domenico Losurdo
  1. 53:11A reactionary philosopher, he takes up the critique of universal man: most men are instruments of labor.
  2. 1:15:01He too speaks of the domestic slavery of women, but to consider it normal.
  3. 1:27:12Presented as the very example of the sublime hypochondriac.
  4. 1:29:53Slavery is for him a reality, not a metaphor: he condemns the English abolition and calls Beecher-Stowe a sick woman.
Talks · 18 Jun 2016At the bistro with Pagani: part 1
  1. 38:48Replaces Hegel and Marx as unemployment rises.
  2. 58:20Beyond Good and EvilPage on the overture of the Meistersinger: the Germans are of the day before yesterday and the day after tomorrow, never of today.
  3. 59:39The Birth of TragedyOne of the three madmen of modernity; his first work pays tribute to Wagner, who wants to fuse word and music.
  4. 1:06:35His phrase 'sursum boum boum' on Wagner; he died of his love for Wagner.
Season 4 · 14 Jun 2018#4.9 Angélique (by Nerval)
  1. 20:07Wotan, god of bad weather: a jab at Wagner.
  2. 38:53He is right to criticize afterworlds, if Christianity is reduced to sacrifice.
  3. 1:31:26Thus Spoke ZarathustraThe midnight song: joy, deeper than pain, wants eternity; poem carved on a rock near Silvaplana.
  4. 1:33:30His Greece is that of an aristocracy of free men and a mass of slaves.
Series · 1 Feb 2016Hegel on the Beach 1/5
  1. 58:11The fashion for the aphorism against the Hegelian system; he was no idler.
  2. 2:17:17His return in the 1970s accompanies the contemporary counter-revolution.
  3. 2:26:03Beyond Good and EvilAdversary of pity, he collapses in Turin while embracing a horse; yet he admires Wagner's Parsifal and fears the Commune.
Series · 8 Jan 2015Y for Yonville
  1. 9:17The episode of the mistreated horse illustrates the displacement.
  2. 9:40Thus Spoke ZarathustraHe rehabilitates illusion, but an anti-aesthetic Nietzsche reproaches poets for muddying their waters so that they seem deep, and praises clarity.
Series · 26 Dec 2014L for Liberty
  1. 6:37Thus Spoke ZarathustraA "poor fellow" whom he admires, honest about himself when he calls himself "nothing but a fool, nothing but a poet"; a great poet.

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