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Wagner

Richard Wagner · German composer (1813–1883) · 1813–1883

Appears in 147 videos · 329 passages, 182 of them in depth.

What Dominique Pagani says

Dominique Pagani often comes back to Wagner, above all to The Ring of the Nibelung, Tristan and Isolde and Parsifal. In The Rhinegold, he sees the opposition between love and gold, and the payment of the giants who build Valhalla appears to him as a wage negotiation1. Following Lévi-Strauss, he regards Wagner as the father of the structural analysis of myths. For him, the Ring is a model of rigour for the sciences of history2. From Tristan, he takes the infinite melody and a chromaticism that dissolves tonality and prepares atonal music without belonging to it3. With Parsifal, a testament built on compassion, he follows Nietzsche's reversal: hostile to the libretto, Nietzsche is overwhelmed by the music4. He finds the man odious and his writings a mix of the best and the worst. Wagner was a barricade fighter in 1848 and an antisemite out of resentment toward Meyerbeer5. In his view, the works are politically more relevant than the speeches6.

  1. 1Marx Plage 1/21 Feb 2016 · 1:10:29
  2. 29 #13 Comment des sciences de l'histoire peuvent-elles être réelles?29 Jan 2021 · 6:28
  3. 3Musicosophie 11. Musiques modales et tonales24 Jan 2021 · 1:07:58
  4. 4La maladie, le malheur, le mal20 Sept 2024 · 26:24
  5. 5La matrice de toute illusion : le passé vécu comme présent4 Jun 2024 · 29:29
  6. 69 #12 Comment des sciences de l'histoire peuvent-elles être réelles?14 Jan 2021 · 1:00:33

Summary produced automatically from 150 of the passages below, to be reviewed; the numbers link to the moment in the session.

Portrait: WagnerWho is this?

Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( VAHG-nər; German: ; 22 May 1813 – 13 February 1883) was a German composer, theatre director, essayist, and conductor, best known for his operas, although his mature works are often referred to as music dramas. Unlike most composers, Wagner wrote both the libretti and the music for all of his stage works. He first achieved recognition with works in the Romantic tradition of Carl Maria von Weber and Giacomo Meyerbeer, but revolutionised the genre through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk ("total work of art"), which sought to unite poetic, musical, visual, and dramatic elements. […]

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Text: Wikipédia, CC BY-SA 4.0, excerpt · Portrait: Franz Hanfstaengl, Public domain

Season 12 · 1 Apr 2024The quest for the Grail, sanctimony or sacrilege?
  1. 22:23ParsifalParsifal, created in 1882, is his testament. In it he abandons the Germanic material of The Ring of the Nibelung for the quest for the Grail.
  2. 40:30ParsifalHe does not write operas but musical dramas; Parsifal is a sacred stage festival, and he had thought of having Perceval appear in Tristan.
  3. 44:34ParsifalHe recounts the plot: the domain of the Grail wastes away, the spear has disappeared, Klingsor has castrated himself, Amfortas bears a wound that does not close.
  4. 1:21:26ParsifalThe leitmotifs of the spear, the Grail, and Kundry's laughter; with Wagner, tonality dissolves.
  5. 2:01:59ParsifalIn the third act, Parsifal returns on Good Friday and closes the wound with the spear.
Season 9.2 · 14 Apr 20219 #19 Twilight of the Gods, or from repetition to liberation • Part 2
  1. 1:26Twilight of the GodsTwilight of the Gods takes up the Ragnarök; its leitmotifs transform rigorously into one another; the tetralogy has longueurs but also the summits of Western music.
  2. 28:19Twilight of the GodsWagner closes the work with the account of a woman who says "I know all."
  3. 37:49A Communication to My FriendsA 1851 text where Psyche, the true feminine, makes him a revolutionary; the tetralogy, first titled The Death of Siegfried, was written reluctantly.
  4. 40:02Tristan und IsoldeTristan and The Mastersingers, his two absolute masterpieces, loosened his musical writing.
  5. 50:53The Ring of the NibelungEach leitmotif is composed to combine infinitely and transform into another.
Season 9.2 · 3 Apr 20219 #18 Twilight of the Gods, or from repetition to liberation
  1. 0:29ParsifalThe enchantment of Good Friday, a high point of his testamentary work, celebrates the renewal of life.
  2. 4:27ParsifalThe "Brille ab" anecdote: during rehearsals he covers a spectator's eyes, almost an admission of the failure of the total work of art.
  3. 13:09The Ring of the NibelungLyric drama is not text against music but the fusion of all the arts; a reminder of his three early romantic operas.
  4. 20:19Tristan und IsoldeHe interrupts the Ring for twelve years for Tristan, which revolutionizes harmony, then The Mastersingers, his only comic work.
  5. 58:44Twilight of the GodsCommented listening to the prologue: the Norns' scene, leitmotifs of the Rhine, of fate, of Loge, of the curse.
Season 9.2 · 18 Feb 20219 #15 How can sciences of history be real?
  1. 3:22SiegfriedHe suspends the Ring at the second act of Siegfried to compose Tristan and Die Meistersinger, then resumes it twelve years later.
  2. 10:27The RhinegoldAccount of Das Rheingold, governed by an algebra: only he who renounces love can seize the gold.
  3. 30:08The ValkyrieAccount of Die Walküre, including Wotan's great recapitulatory monologue, read aloud, and Brünnhilde's sleep.
  4. 1:17:19Twilight of the GodsThe Norns and Hagen's scheme; the Ring draws on Scandinavian myths and on the Nibelungenlied.
  5. 1:25:21Raised by his Jewish stepfather Geyer, he becomes a virulent antisemite in Paris out of resentment against Meyerbeer.
Season 9.2 · 29 Jan 20219 #13 How can sciences of history be real?
  1. 1:51One of the figures about whom the most has been written; the Wagnerians only know a few "greatest hits."
  2. 41:15The RhinegoldDied the same year as Marx; he holds some hyper-reactionary ideas alongside others that are very progressive, and wrote texts on the Revolution.
  3. 52:28The RhinegoldDuring the piling up of the gold, several leitmotifs sound at once: accumulation, servitude, then Freia's theme.
  4. 1:10:23SiegfriedHe wrote the poems of the Ring backwards and interrupted the composition in 1857, in the middle of Siegfried, for twelve years.
  5. 1:12:17SiegfriedThe Forest Murmurs are the most ecological passage of the Ring: Siegfried dreams of his mother and falls asleep.
Series · 28 Jan 2021Musicosophy 12. Nietzsche (right up) against Wagner
  1. 8:28Tristan und IsoldeHis chromaticism threatens tonality without abolishing it: it is a tonal music always at its limit.
  2. 1:02:05Siegfried IdyllHe already sounds harmonies close to the blues; yet he never succeeded in pure music.
  3. 1:04:41His idea of drama fuses word and music; Boulez judges his endless melody to be what is most modern in him.
  4. 1:17:58He has nothing of Nazism except antisemitism and German nationalism, which appeared after his failure in Paris.
  5. 1:40:07ParsifalHis last work causes the rift; Nietzsche condemns the libretto, then admires the prelude.
Season 3 · 1 Aug 2017#3.3 From Ulysses to Daedalus
  1. 1:26:49The Ring of the NibelungThe longest work in Western art reworks the Greek tetralogy to gather the people.
  2. 1:29:42An odious but charming man, whom kings come to see at Bayreuth; he moves from pagan inspiration to Parsifal.
  3. 1:31:39Tristan und IsoldeFive hours of the most torrid passion, conducted by Bülow, his rival.
  4. 1:32:41ParsifalThe hero is an idiot without a name, who does not ask the expected question.
  5. 1:36:49ParsifalThe prelude converts Nietzsche to Wagner's Christianity.
Season 13 · 20 Sept 2024Sickness, misfortune, evil
  1. 26:26ParsifalNietzsche disparaged Parsifal without having heard a note of it, then called it an absolute masterpiece upon hearing it.
  2. 40:44Tristan und IsoldeAntidote and poison; Tristan marks a great turning point in the history of music; he dared to express illness.
  3. 54:59At the height of glory at Bayreuth, he nonetheless says he has been alone since Nietzsche left him.
  4. 57:15Tristan und IsoldePresentation of the plot and the death of Isolde before the listening.
Season 12 · 4 Jun 2024The matrix of all illusion: the past lived as present
  1. 3:31ParsifalThe second act of Parsifal, the middle act, has a philosophical quotient; it is where the hero's name is finally discovered.
  2. 29:46His virulent antisemitism comes from the spite of his failed career in Paris, where Meyerbeer blocked his path.
  3. 40:33ParsifalFirst work conceived specifically for Bayreuth; its premiere took place in 1882.
  4. 1:25:22ParsifalObject of a cult among Proust and his generation; he uses "weilen," to remain, in Kundry's mouth.
  5. 2:08:32ParsifalIn his work the second act is always the act of action, where a threshold of irreversibility is crossed.
Season 12 · 30 May 2024From fidelity to grace - From substance to Subject
  1. 2:41In his lyric dramas, the second act is that of irreversible action, the third that of redemption or renunciation.
  2. 3:37ParsifalThe first act shows the Grail without the spear, a formal ritual from which faith has fled, and Parsifal's failure.
  3. 14:36In his correspondence with Judith Gautier, he writes "tropics" about the enchanted garden.
  4. 42:34ParsifalIn the third act, Parsifal heals Amfortas with the spear: only the weapon that made the wound can heal it.
  5. 1:31:38ParsifalThe second act opens with the dialogue between Klingsor and Kundry; Parsifal hears his name, spoken by his mother.
Season 12 · 21 Apr 2024Saving the saviour? Redemption - the end of the cycle or its new beginning?
  1. 5:09ParsifalHe kept the invariants of Chrétien de Troyes and consulted Iceland, Saint Bernard, texts on the heresies.
  2. 23:51ParsifalThe work ends in an oceanic chorus that sings "Erlösung dem Erlöser."
  3. 52:05ParsifalHis letters to Judith Gautier, full of sensual orders, contradict the image of a work of renunciation of the flesh.
  4. 1:01:08He derives the name Parsifal from "parsi" and "fal," the fool in the elevated sense.
Season 11 · 12 Dec 2022Hesitation fascinated by hearing and by sight: Siegfried and Perceval
  1. 4:10ParsifalParsifal takes up Perceval under a Germanized title, following Wolfram von Eschenbach; it is Wagner's testament.
  2. 37:54A vegetarian, he was also antisemitic, obsessional, and nationalist.
  3. 1:01:35ParsifalHe replaces opera with lyric drama, a fusion of text and music; Parsifal is a "Bühnenweihfestspiel," almost an oratorio.
  4. 1:38:47SiegfriedSiegfried, on the verge of forgetting his pagan mission to kill the dragon, is fascinated by the birdsong.
  5. 2:03:28SiegfriedThe pairing of the bird theme and the theme of the Valkyrie's sleep illustrates the Wagnerian technique.
Series · 27 Jul 2022NIETZSCHE - NO PITY FOR WAGNER • Pagani Parle Musique
  1. 0:00Tristan und IsoldeIn Tristan, he pushes chromaticism to the extreme, dissolves tonality, and prepares atonal music; his dramas last for hours.
  2. 5:07BeethovenThere he writes that music brings out from the night the sounds of the inner self, heard at their height in a Venetian gondolier.
  3. 9:30A great seducer, of popular background, he lives in Lucerne with Liszt's daughter, taken from Hans von Bülow.
  4. 12:16ParsifalHis last drama, Christian, is for Nietzsche the denial of the Dionysian Siegfried of his youth.
  5. 16:44Odious as a man, he had the honesty of an artist to express that one is overtaken by the truth of one's own history.
Series · 31 Mar 2021Wagner and his interpreters, Approaching Clouscard, Marx = Theseus? • Philosophical Q&A • Pagani
  1. 11:04The Ring of the NibelungQuestion about audio versions of the Ring; he wonders whether Wagner is a classic in the musicological sense.
  2. 18:19His pathological antisemitism explains his ban in Israel.
  3. 23:10The ValkyrieIn Wagner, drama is the indissoluble union of action and music.
  4. 33:50Tristan und IsoldeThe duet of the second act: love, which never succeeds in life, here goes all the way, a controlled madness that opens up the music of the future.
  5. 43:23This antisemite has never been so well served as by Jewish performers.
Series · 15 Dec 2020Musicosophy 6. The Jazz Variation... by Beethoven
  1. 6:42Example of the musician of myth in Lévi-Strauss's classification.
  2. 1:17:20Tristan und IsoldeThe English horn solo evokes the shepherd's song and solitude; it is said to initiate atonality.
  3. 1:54:51The Mastersingers of NurembergSums up centuries of music and depicts a brawl through a fugue; announces the dissolution of tonality.
  4. 1:56:38The Ring of the NibelungThe leitmotif unites lyrical variation and dramatic alteration; it expresses an idea, and themes transform into one another.
  5. 2:01:07ParsifalThe theme of the wound reverses, in an ascending minor second, the theme of servitude.
Series · 3 Dec 2020Musicosophy 2. From Lévi-Strauss to Nerval on music
  1. 22:01Twilight of the GodsThe two timpani strokes of the funeral march can only be understood by someone whose heart beats.
  2. 48:14BeethovenSees in the emergence of the voice a sea creature lifting its head out of the water, while pulling Beethoven toward lyric drama.
  3. 51:02In his work, music is the feminine instance and speech the virile instance; an obsession with incest.
  4. 58:42The Ring of the NibelungThe first words of the Rhine daughters are a babble, an intermediate stage before language.
Series · 3 Dec 2020Musicosophy 1. Schubert and the master singers
  1. 26:00The Mastersingers of NurembergIn the second act, the calm night turns into a general brawl, written in the form of a fugue with multiple subjects.
  2. 32:06The Mastersingers of NurembergA mediating work that contains three centuries of music, from Gregorian chant to ruptures foreshadowing the Russians.
  3. 36:27The Mastersingers of NurembergSachs's meditation on Wahn; final nationalist harangue; antisemitism born of resentment against Meyerbeer.
  4. 53:16His endless melody synthesizes Schubert and Beethoven: a permanent song, fusing arioso and recitative.
  5. 1:03:26Return to Bach in late Wagner, without the baroque's metrical constraint.
Series · 7 Apr 2021#1 Mignon, or the song of silence
  1. 31:57The RhinegoldThe babbling of the Rhinemaidens as the curtain rises is not yet a language.
  2. 38:31The Mastersingers of NurembergThe unforgettable second act and the June night.
  3. 51:17BeethovenA wordy essayist, exiled for having fought on the barricades, he compares Goethe and Schiller in the face of music.
  4. 54:33BeethovenHe makes the last lines of Faust, the eternal feminine, into the spirit of music that guides toward deliverance.
Series · 7 Feb 2021Musicosophy 14. Mozart once more
  1. 5:08He is wrongly credited with inventing the leitmotiv, which he systematized.
  2. 10:48The Ring of the NibelungThe Nibelung's scraping, beneath the gods' palace, figures the infrastructure and the proletariat that terrifies the bourgeoisie.
  3. 14:20Twilight of the GodsThe three Norns spin the cable of fate: a predictable time, hence a false time.
  4. 28:08Tristan und IsoldeThe chromatic unleashing of Tristan is said to initiate 20th-century music.
  5. 1:47:51ParsifalThe flower-maiden scene, which he himself applauded at Bayreuth, enchants the green paradise of childhood loves.
Series · 18 Jan 2021Musicosophy 10. The two Klemperers and Bruno Walter in Wagner
  1. 7:13Born the same year as Verdi, died the same year as Marx; linked to German unity.
  2. 29:41The Ring of the NibelungHis music says, through a rhythmic variation, that young girls are birds, independently of what he thinks consciously.
  3. 35:17The ValkyrieDrama of forbidden love between twins, never interpreted so well as by Bruno Walter.
  4. 44:58Siegfried IdyllA dawn serenade offered to Cosima for Christmas, played on the staircase; its theme is that of peace.
  5. 1:13:17Tristan und IsoldeThe author of Tristan is Schoenberg's god.
Season 9.2 · 14 Jan 20219 #12 How can sciences of history be real?
  1. 1:32The Ring of the NibelungHe was asked to put the Ring on the program; he compares it to The Lord of the Rings and Star Wars.
  2. 49:14The RhinegoldHe recounts the plot of Das Rheingold: the three tiers of beings, Wotan's contract, the theft of the gold by Alberich.
  3. 1:00:26Dead the same year as Marx and a fighter on the barricades of 1848, he is more politically relevant in his works than in his speeches.
  4. 1:02:38The RhinegoldCommentary on the descent into Nibelheim and on the leitmotifs of the forge, servitude and the ring.
  5. 1:50:02He invented lyric drama, conceived as an anti-opera without repetition, in which the action moves forward and only the leitmotifs return.
Season 9.1 · 3 Dec 2020#7 Answers to questions (continued)
  1. 3:31The Ring of the NibelungProposed as a theme: exposing the full pitch of the Ring and its philosophical exploitation; died the same year as Marx.
  2. 12:10The Ring of the NibelungThe Ring mixes Germanic and Greek mythologies; Lévi-Strauss makes him the father of the structural analysis of myths.
  3. 53:29The RhinegoldThe first words of the Rhinemaidens are childish babbling, the first stage of embryonic speech.
  4. 56:15The Ring of the NibelungThe word Noth, distress, recurs often in the Ring; Siegfried's sword is called Nothung.
Season 9.1 · 6 Nov 2020#3 Benefits and harms of amnesia...
  1. 9:59The Ring of the NibelungThe proper name most commented on after Jesus; he wrote his own librettos, or poems, and the Ring is presented in three days and a prologue.
  2. 15:43Tristan und IsoldeTristan's love duet, nocturnal and deadly, is the inverted counterpart of Siegfried's.
  3. 16:31Twilight of the GodsThe scene of the Norns, prologue to Götterdämmerung, plunges into a time outside time and ends with the breaking of the thread.
  4. 35:16SiegfriedThe bird says "Web' ich mein Lied," I weave my song: the metaphor of weaving.
Series · 25 Mar 2021Musicosophy 18. What is musical in music
  1. 17:45Writes to Nietzsche's sister that he has been alone since Nietzsche left him.
  2. 18:47BeethovenGoethe represents plastic art; the eternal feminine of Faust designates the spirit of music.
  3. 19:08A Communication to My FriendsContains the finest hymn to militant feminism.
  4. 1:02:37BeethovenThe equal-time basses take up the demands of the plastic arts, like a colonnade.
Series · 10 Mar 2021Musicosophy 16. Programme music / Pure music
  1. 8:38The ValkyrieNo leitmotif was ever named by him; there is no bijective relation between leitmotif and content, as the end of Die Walküre shows.
  2. 1:06:30Tristan und IsoldeThe endless melody no longer concludes with cadences; the music becomes oceanic, without privileged direction.
  3. 1:12:43The Ring of the NibelungThe Ring at Bayreuth in 1976, the centenary of its first complete performance.
Talks · 19 Jun 2016At the bistro with Pagani: part 2
  1. 11:53Tristan und IsoldeThe great second act of Tristan, night: a figure of the romantic night.
  2. 30:48ParsifalThe music of Parsifal stirs in Nietzsche chords that are his own.
  3. 33:31Universal, protean, a barricade-fighter friend of Bakunin and at the same time reactionary: an ambivalent figure.
Talks · 18 Jun 2016At the bistro with Pagani: part 1
  1. 40:47He loves bel canto as much as Wagner.
  2. 50:55Tristan und IsoldeWagner merges recitative and aria into endless, that is, indefinite, melody, in permanent modulation.
  3. 1:00:26Eliminates the separation between recitative and aria.
  4. 1:06:35Tristan und IsoldeBorn on a May 22nd like Nerval, died in Venice, where Tristan was composed and where modern harmony is born.
Talks · 8 Aug 2015Mythology and Truth
  1. 28:39Germanic mythology in Wagner.
  2. 31:06The Mastersingers of NurembergThe general brawl of the second act is a metaphor for German history; antisemitic like his milieu, his work goes further than he does.
  3. 34:43The RhinegoldThe giants demand their wages for Valhalla: the alternative between love and gold.
  4. 44:50The Ring of the NibelungThe smith Mime raises Siegfried so that he will forge the sword.
Series · 17 Dec 2014D for Desire
  1. 5:35Tristan und IsoldeAuthor of his own poems, of an anthropological relevance that astonished Clouscard.
  2. 5:35On the Feminine in the HumanDies in Venice of a heart attack while writing an essay on the feminine in man, after the words desire, love, tragic; desire is central from the Ring to Parsifal.
Talks · 29 May 2023PHILOSOPHY with PAGANI: D for DESIRE
  1. 5:13On the Feminine in the HumanAnthropological relevance of his poem of Tristan; died in Venice while writing an essay on the feminine in man, after the words desire, love, tragic.
  2. 6:31The Ring of the NibelungDesire plays a central role throughout the Tetralogy, up to Parsifal.
Series · 5 Jul 2018Being and Code
  1. 0:29Tristan und IsoldeThe prelude to Tristan, invoked by Clouscard as the authentic dream.
  2. 46:52The Ring of the NibelungThe myth of the ring: the dwarf emerging from the depths figures the producer rendered repulsive.
Series · 27 Dec 2014M for Music
  1. 5:24ParsifalParsifal's journey is compared to that of Proust's narrator.
  2. 9:37Twilight of the GodsThe scene where Siegfried, before his death, says he has forgotten the language of the birds since he began listening to women.

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