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Voltaire

François-Marie Arouet, dit Voltaire · French writer, historian and philosopher (1694–1778) · 1694–1778

Appears in 101 videos · 140 passages, 40 of them in depth.

What Dominique Pagani says

Dominique Pagani almost always reads Voltaire alongside Rousseau. He sees him as the termite gnawing at the edifice of the old world through his critique of the Church and of fanaticism1. But he faults him for reducing religion to an error, without grasping the force of illusion or the "truth of error"2. He also points out that the prophet of tolerance calls for Rousseau's head, since Rousseau opposed the Geneva theatre and attacked Le Mondain3. He often comments on the letter on commerce in the Lettres philosophiques, where the useful merchant is set against the powdered lord, and on the praise of luxury in Le Mondain. In them he reads a bourgeois, liberal outlook that misses the political, while noting that together with Rousseau he makes happiness the reference value of the Enlightenment4. He praises the historian of Le Siècle de Louis XIV and the prose writer of the letters and tales (Zadig, Candide), and singles out "one must cultivate one's garden" as perhaps the best thing in him5.

  1. 1#5.2 L’Odyssée du philosophe : La pensée révolutionnaire21 Nov 2018 · 1:19:47
  2. 2Popper (Karl)3 Dec 2019 · 1:45:37
  3. 3Au bistrot avec Pagani : partie 118 Jun 2016 · 45:21
  4. 4La mondanité chez Clouscard ou "L'idéologie dominante"26 Apr 2023 · 15:10
  5. 5#4.9 Angélique (de Nerval)14 Jun 2018 · 30:37

Summary produced automatically from 140 of the passages below, to be reviewed; the numbers link to the moment in the session.

Portrait: VoltaireWho is this?

François-Marie Arouet (French:; 21 November 1694 – 30 May 1778), known by his pen name Voltaire (, US also ; French:), was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher (philosophe), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit and his criticism of Christianity (especially of the Catholic Church) and of slavery, Voltaire was an advocate of freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and separation of church and state. […]

Read the article on Wikipedia

Text: Wikipédia, CC BY-SA 4.0, excerpt · Portrait: Nicolas de Largillière, CC0

Season 11 · 26 Apr 2023Worldliness in Clouscard, or "The dominant ideology"
  1. 12:43A great man of society, a habitué of salons, opposed to the vagabond Rousseau.
  2. 13:44The Man of the WorldThe man of the world embodies his thought: the happiness of being in the world; a dazzling writer but a poet without lyricism.
  3. 15:10Philosophical LettersThe Letter on Commerce contrasts the powdered lord with the merchant who contributes to the happiness of the world, a liberal anticipation of trickle-down.
  4. 23:50United with Rousseau by the value of happiness here on earth.
Season 5.2 · 30 Jun 2019#5.8 Nature or Landscape?
  1. 34:26The Man of the WorldA weak poem but with a clear theme: a eulogy of luxury and the superfluous, which allows him to comment on Rousseau by contrast.
  2. 40:55He who has nothing has no share to give: he has the economic sense of the progress of productive forces.
  3. 1:07:22A man of taste and an entrepreneur, for whom freedom is already acquired.
Talks · 2 Aug 2016Tribute to Jacques D'Hondt (1)
  1. 38:15Essay on the Customs and Spirit of NationsA man of wit in the sense of ingenious reason, one of D'Hondt's masters; the Essai sur les mœurs is the greatest book on the progress of reason.
  2. 41:40The agreement between his common sense and Hegelian speculative reason: read Hegel as a Voltairian, and Voltaire as a Hegelian.
Series · 20 Sept 2014#2 Rousseau, a world that begins
  1. 1:17His critique of the Church and of fanaticism gnaws like a termite at the edifice of the old world.
  2. 10:26The adversary of fanaticism loses his composure and demands Rousseau's arrest.
  3. 18:06Writes to perfection, trained very early at school, the opposite of Rousseau.
  4. 29:29The Age of Louis XIVAn excellent historian, unlike Rousseau.
Series · 29 Jan 2016What is to be done? 1/3
  1. 28:24Philosophical LettersThe letter on commerce is the opposite of Rousseau; Voltaire is a shrewd employer, but he agrees with Rousseau on the right to happiness.
  2. 53:40Voltaire and Rousseau meet on the importance of the pursuit of happiness.
Series · 26 Dec 2014L for Liberty
  1. 9:05Philosophical LettersIn the letter on commerce, he praises the merchants who contribute to the happiness of the world: even for him, happiness is a value.

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